Baker, W.K.: How important are the graphics and signage to the safety of a zoological institution? Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 7 (1998), pp. 266–267.

Baker, W.K.: What part do facility maintenance personnel play, if any, in the safety of a zoo? Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 8 (1998), pp. 302–303.

Baker, W.K.: What types of ammunition are appropriate for a crisis that involves dangerous animals? Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 6 (1998), pp. 230–231.

Batchelor, D.: Pigmy hippo dental procedure. Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 8 (1998), pp. 323–327. [Miami Metrozoo. Operant conditioning and heavy sedation enabled a male hippo's overgrown lower canines to be trimmed without total anaesthesia.]

Blaszkiewitz, B.: Ergänzende Daten zur Haltung von Wildeseln (Equus africanus) in Berlin. (Additional data on the management of African wild asses at Berlin Zoo.) Der Zoologische Garten Vol. 68, No. 4 (1998), pp. 219–221. [German, with very brief English summary.]

Buchan, J., and Partridge, J.: The new Gorilla Island at Bristol Zoo Gardens. Ratel Vol. 25, No. 4 (1998), pp. 121–123.

Buley, K.R., and Garcia, G.: The recovery programme for the Mallorcan midwife toad Alytes muletensis: an update. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 80–90.

Buley, K.R., Prior, K.A., and Gibson, R.C.: In search of the St. Lucia racer Liophis ornatus, with further observations on the reptile fauna of the Maria Islands, St. Lucia, West Indies. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 104–117.

Burton, S., Kaiser, H., and Hecht, T.: The potential of Artemia-mediated delivery of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue to induce ovulation in the cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi). Aquarium Sciences and Conservation Vol. 2, No. 2 (1998), pp. 89–92.

Clark, K.M., Carroll, J.B., Clark, M., Garrett, S.R.T., Pinkus, S., and Saw, R.: Capture and survey of Livingstone's fruit bats Pteropus livingstonii in the Comoros Islands: the 1995 expedition. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 20–35.

Clark, M.: The mongoose lemur Eulemur mongoz on Anjouan, Comores. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 36–44.

Contreras-MacBeath, T., Mojica, H.M., and Wilson, R.C.: Negative impact on the aquatic ecosystems of the state of Morelos, Mexico, from introduced aquarium and other commercial fish. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation Vol. 2, No. 2 (1998), pp. 67–78.

Courts, S.E.: General behaviour and social interactions in a group of Livingstone's fruit bats Pteropus livingstonii at Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), p. 154.

Courts, S.E.: Investigation into the behaviour of captive juvenile and adult white-winged wood duck Cairina scutulata. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 159–160.

Crawford, D.L.: Displacement aggression in captive green magpies (Cissa chinensis). Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 6 (1998), pp. 237–245. [Denver Zoo. Lack of privacy led to infanticide; two pairs each bred successfully in an off-exhibit enclosure, but not when on public view.]

Curzon, M., and Curzon, N.: Breeding the fulvous-fronted parrotbill. Avicultural Magazine Vol. 104, No. 1 (1998), pp. 1–3. [Tropical Bird Gardens, Rode, U.K.; Paradoxornis fulvifrons.]

Deeming, D.C.: Effect of winter climatic conditions on the behaviour of adult ostriches (Struthio camelus) on a British farm. Animal Welfare Vol. 7, No. 3 (1998), pp. 307–315.

Dickie, L.: The management of a lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) group at Edinburgh Zoo. Ratel Vol. 25, No. 4 (1998), pp. 135–148.

dos Santos, G.R., and Blanes, J.: Environmental education programme with the community surrounding Una Biological Reserve, Bahia, Brazil. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 118–126. [The Reserve is especially important as a habitat for the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas).]

Dube, A.: Vergleichende Verhaltensbeobachtungen an paarweise gehaltenen Schimpansen (Pan troglodytes) und einer Schimpansengruppe unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Verhaltensabweichungen. (Comparative observations on chimpanzees kept in pairs and in a group, with special reference to behavioural deviations.) Der Zoologische Garten Vol. 68, No. 4 (1998), pp. 231–258. [German, with English summary; Halle, Wuppertal and Frankfurt Zoos. The study clearly indicated that abnormal behaviour was significantly more common in the chimpanzees kept in pairs.]

Erritzoe, J.: Body masses (weights) of parrots. Avicultural Magazine Vol. 104, No. 1 (1998), pp. 27–33. [Data from Danish collections on 328 individuals of 112 species.]

Esson, M., and Tomlinson, M.: Gorilla society: an educational tool to promote the development of group dynamics in teenagers. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 126–136. [Jersey Zoo's Department of Conservation Education devised a role-play activity for a school group of 14-year-olds, using the zoo's gorillas as a model. The activity was found to have been extremely successful in assisting the children through a transition period in their school careers.]

Fa, J.E., and Clark, C.C.M.: Dissecting a DESMAN: the JWPT/UKC Diploma in Endangered Species Management. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 137–144.

Fair, J., Moxom, D., and Ellis, M.: Abbotsbury Swannery. Avicultural Magazine Vol. 104, No. 1 (1998), pp. 18–22. [Management of mute swans (Cygnus olor) at a surviving mediaeval swannery.]

Gauldie, R.W.: Vertebral, scale and otolith characteristics of senile kahawai, Arripis trutta: implications for age estimation. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation Vol. 2, No. 2 (1998), pp. 53–66. [National Aquarium of New Zealand, Wellington. Aquariums provide predator-free, healthy environments where fish can live to their biologically maximum age and die from natural causes; such fish provide valuable benchmarks in assessing techniques of age estimation in fish.]

Gibson, R.C., and Freeman, M.: Conservation at home: recovery programme for the agile frog Rana dalmatina in Jersey. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 91–104. [The agile frog has a wide distribution in southern and central Europe, but is found in only a few northern locations, including Jersey. It is not found anywhere else in the British Isles and may soon be lost from Jersey, as populations have been declining rapidly for a number of years. A collaborative project has led to the establishment and maintenance of captive-breeding colonies, investigation of water quality and other environmental factors, and the release of captive-bred and captive-reared tadpoles and frogs into regularly monitored locations.]

Glatston, A.R.: The control of zoo populations with special reference to primates. Animal Welfare Vol. 7, No. 3 (1998), pp. 269–281. [Discusses the options open to zoos in avoiding the problem of surplus animals, evaluating their pros and cons in terms of practicality, welfare and ethics. `In many cases, the judicious use of a combination of contraception and euthanasia would seem the most acceptable choice from an animal welfare point of view,' but `considerably more research is needed into the methods and welfare aspects of contraception and sterilization.' Suggests that an interesting possibility for counteracting the problem of surplus males would be to look at ways of altering secondary sex ratios (sex ratios at birth). `There are reports of a number of species in which the sex of infants appears to be related to the dominance status of the mother. In some species dominant females are reported to produce more female than male offspring, e.g. bonnet macaques and savannah baboons, while in others, e.g. long-tailed macaques and Japanese macaques, the converse is true. In gorillas, the age of the mother has been reported as influencing the sex of her offspring, with older mothers producing more males. Should these kinds of phenomena prove predictable, it might be possible to adjust sex ratios by use of selective contraception; females more likely to produce male infants would not be allowed to breed as frequently as those expected to produce female offspring. Such a policy could shift the sex ratio of the births in a specific group towards females. The feasibility of such an approach needs to be examined.']

Gordon, A.: Enrichment for white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) at Edinburgh Zoo. Ratel Vol. 25, No. 4 (1998), pp. 150–151.

Gregory, N.G.: Physiological mechanisms causing sickness behaviour and suffering in diseased animals. Animal Welfare Vol. 7, No. 3 (1998), pp. 293–305.

Guerrero, D.: Common training errors 101: clearing up confusion over reinforcement and punishment terms. Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 6 (1998), pp. 226–228.

Haines, C.M., and Stewart, G.: An investigation into the parent rearing of Palawan peacock pheasants Polyplectron emphanum and Congo peafowl Afropavo congensis at the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 160–161.

Heymann, E.W.: Der `Faktor Mensch': der Einfluss von Tierpflegern auf das Verhalten von Lisztaffen, Saguinus oedipus (Callitrichinae). (The `human factor': the influence of keepers on the behaviour of cotton-top tamarins.) Der Zoologische Garten Vol. 68, No. 4 (1998), pp. 222–230. [German, with brief English summary. The effect of animal technicians on the behaviour of a family group of tamarins was studied. Significant differences were found in rates of inactivity, locomotion, manipulation and huddling between days when two different technicians – who differed in size, gender, and working style – were in charge.]

Ibrahim, M.A.: Extirpation of an eyeball in a sambar (Cervus unicolor). Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 6 (1998), pp. 249–250.

Johann, A.: Fatale Folgen von Beringungen von Webervögeln. (Fatal consequences of ringing some weavers.) Der Zoologische Garten Vol. 68, No. 4 (1998), pp. 263–264. [German, no English summary; Ploceus cucullatus, Rheine Zoo.]

Johnson, M.: Little blue penguins (Eudyptula minor) at the Adelaide Zoo. Penguin Conservation Vol. 11, No. 2 (1998), pp. 16–18.

Jones, C.G., and Swinnerton, K.J.: A summary of conservation status and research for the Mauritius kestrel Falco punctatus, pink pigeon Columba mayeri and echo parakeet Psittacula eques. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 72–75.

Jones, C.L.W., Kaiser, H., Webb, G.A., and Hecht, T.: Filial cannibalism in the swordtail Xiphophorus helleri (Poeciliidae). Aquarium Sciences and Conservation Vol. 2, No. 2 (1998), pp. 79–88.

Kessel, A.L., and Brent, L.: Cage toys reduce abnormal behavior in individually house pigtail macaques. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science Vol. 1, No. 3 (1998), pp. 227234. [Macaca nemestrina.]

Kusminych, I., and Pawlowa, A.: Ein Bastard von Karakal ´ Hauskatze im Moskauer Zoo. (A caracal-domestic cat hybrid at Moscow Zoo.) Der Zoologische Garten Vol. 68, No. 4 (1998), pp. 259–260. [German, no English summary.]

Lamers, C.: Hetverrijkingselftal: voorwaarden voor een succesvol verrijkingsbeleid. (Requirements for a successful `enrichment team'.) De Harpij Vol. 17, No. 3 (1998), pp. 14–18. [Dutch, with English summary; the author carried out a project in 1996/1997 for the production of a zoo enrichment booklet that is being published by De Harpij. She emphasises the importance of giving different departments specific roles in achieving the end goal – enrichment as a part of the daily management routine.]

Lopez, P.S.: Significant behavioral interaction between a reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata) and a southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum). Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 8 (1998), pp. 314–317. [Honolulu Zoo. A young male giraffe in a mixed exhibit displayed `necking' behaviour towards a male rhino of the type common when one male giraffe challenges another. The rhino responded defensively to this individual, but was never aggressive towards the other 2.2 giraffes in the enclosure.]

McGovern, I.M.: Bringing out the reclusive leopard: hand-rearing clouded leopards (Neofelis nebulosa). Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 7 (1998), pp. 275–279.

Maher, S., and Dierenfeld, E.: Testing a new vitamin supplement paste on penguins. Penguin Conservation Vol. 11, No. 2 (1998), pp. 19–21. [Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago; rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome.])

Mallinson, J.J.C., and Hartley, J.R.M.: Partnerships in conservation. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 8–13. [Records the formal Memoranda of Understanding and Agreements that the Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust is signatory to, and summarises their main objectives.]

Mobbs, A.J.: The star finch Neochima ruficauda. Avicultural Magazine Vol. 104, No. 1 (1998), pp. 10–13.

Moore, M.T.: Behavioural adaptation of captive-born golden-headed lion tamarins Leontopithecus chrysomelas to a free-ranging environment. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 156–157.

Moore, M.T.: Behavioural adaptation of captive-born silvery marmosets Callithrix a. argentata to a free-ranging environment. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), p. 155.

Nijboer, J.: Voeding en verrijking bij primaten: enkele richtlijnen. (Feeding and enrichment of primates: some guidelines.) De Harpij Vol. 17, No. 3 (1998), pp. 8–11. [Dutch, with English summary; abridged from a talk given by Barbara Toddes at the AZA Nutrition Advisory Group meeting in October 1997 at Dallas Zoo. Use of food as an enrichment element should not compromise the nutritional suitability of a primate diet, and enrichment elements should emphasize natural foraging behaviours that increase feeding time, rather than energy intake. Enrichment items should be considered as part of the diet, and should not exceed 5% to 10% of the energy requirements of larger primates that weigh two kg or more. All the nutritional values of enrichment items offered to smaller and geriatric primates should be included in the calculation of the nutritional value of the basic diet. The diets and intake should be regularly reviewed to ensure that each animal is getting a diet that meets its nutritional requirements. Use of enrichment items with sick animals should be carefully approached. Nutritional values of branches and leaves that are fed more than twice a week or constitute more than 2% of the diet should be included in the analysis of the basic diet. Leaves that are not dangerous for some herbivores can be poisonous to primates, and each zoo should delegate someone the task of determining whether leaves that will potentially be offered to the primates could be harmful.]

Oliver, W.L.R., Narayan, G., and Raj, M.: The pigmy hog Sus salvanius conservation programme: background description and report on progress to end December 1996. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 45–71.

Pollard, J.C., Grant, A., and Littlejohn, R.P.: Fence line pacing in farmed red deer hinds at calving. Animal Welfare Vol. 7, No. 3 (1998), pp. 283–291. [Cervus elaphus.]

Prance, G.: A partnership agreement to generate innovative and practical responses to the problems of habitat destruction and species extinction. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 14–19. [Introduces a new Memorandum of Understanding between the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust and Fauna and Flora International. The value of ex situ conservation in botanic gardens and zoos as a means for species reintroduction and habitat restoration is stressed, and some of the problems of maintaining species off-site are discussed. The new agreement between these three organisations combines botanical and zoological talent and is likely to lead to innovative and practical responses to address the problems of species loss and habitat destruction.]

Price, E.C.: Group instability following cessation of breeding in marmosets and tamarins. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 157–158 [A preliminary study in four species found that groups in which reproduction had been prevented consistently had a higher rate of severe aggression than groups in which the dominant female was breeding.]

Rathinasabapathy, B.: Notes on the maintenance of centipedes. Animal Keepers' Forum Vol. 25, No. 7 (1998), pp. 284–286. [Coimbatore Zoological Park; tiger centipede (Scolopendra harkwickei).]

Russell, M., and Hartdegen, R.: A note on the husbandry and captive reproduction of the eublepharid gecko Goniurosaurus sp. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society Vol. 33, No. 7 (1998), pp. 151–152. [Dallas Zoo.]

Scheve, T.: Kapamba gaat op reis. (Kapamba goes on a trip.) De Harpij Vol. 17, No. 3 (1998), pp. 4–7. [Dutch, with English summary. Describes the 63-hour journey of a two-year-old, 925-kg male white rhinoceros from Emmen Zoo, the Netherlands, to Werribee Zoo, Australia.]

Schifter, H.: Zur Lebensdauer von Tukanen [Ramphastidae] in Menschenhand. (Longevity of toucans in captivity.) Der Zoologische Garten Vol. 68, No. 4 (1998), pp. 261–262. [German, no English summary.]

Singleton, I.: Seasonal migration and population structure of Sumatran orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus abelii) in the Gunung Leuser National Park, Sumatra, Indonesia: a progress report. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 158–159.

Spooner, N.G., and Whitear, J.A.: Breeding Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) at Chester Zoo. Ratel Vol. 25, No. 4 (1998), pp. 130–133.

Stauffacher, M.: 15 Thesen zur Haltungsoptimierung im Zoo. (15 propositions for improved husbandry in zoos.) Der Zoologische Garten Vol. 68, No. 4 (1998), pp. 201–218. [German, with very brief English summary.]

Sweeney, R.G.: The successful parent rearing of a Pesquet's parrot Psittrichas fulgidus at Loro Parque. Avicultural Magazine Vol. 104, No. 1 (1998), pp. 14–16.

Thomasson, A.: Promoting zoo animal health: the role of the veterinary laboratory at Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 148–153.

Turner, W.A., an Plutchak, L.: SeaWorld California penguin hand-rearing guidelines. Penguin Conservation Vol. 11, No. 2 (1998), pp. 2–9.

van Herk, R., and Westerveld, B.: Vallen en opstaan – zeeotteropvang in Diergaarde Blijdorp: Deel 2. (Falling and standing up – orphaned sea otters at Rotterdam Zoo: Part 2.) De Harpij Vol. 17, No. 3 (1998), pp. 20–24. [Dutch, with English summary.]

Warburton, T.: Federation zoo tour to New Mexico (Part 1). Zoo Federation News no. 78 (Summer 1998), pp. 27–35. [Visitor's report on Albuquerque BioPark (Rio Grande Zoo, Albuquerque Aquarium and Albuquerque Botanical Gardens).]

White, V.: Welfare of captive parrots. Avicultural Magazine Vol. 104, No. 1 (1998), pp. 23–26.

Wilkinson, R.: Chester Zoo bird review 1997. Avicultural Magazine Vol. 104, No. 1 (1998), pp. 4–9.

Woollard, S.P.: Getting the message across – zoo education is not just for schools! Ratel Vol. 25, No. 4 (1998), pp. 125–128.

Zenker, W., and Meier, D.: Myocardial diseases in Palawan peacock pheasants Polyplectron emphanum. Dodo Vol. 33 (1998), pp. 75–80. [Palawan peacock pheasants have been reared successfully at Jersey Zoo since 1972. In the summer of 1993 a series of seven deaths occurred within the space of 43 days. The birds were in the same age group (one to two months old) and stemmed from four different pairs of parents. In all of these animals acute heart failure was found to be the cause of death. The reason for this heart failure is unclear, but the autopsy findings, with special consideration of the histology of the heart, are described and their possible causes are discussed.]

Zimmermann, W., Kolter, L., Sandor, I., and Dukat, Z.: Przewalski's horses in Hortobagy Puszta – a nature and species protection project. Zoo Federation News No. 78 (Summer 1998), pp. 55–68. [Translation of an article originally published in Zeitschrift des Kölner Zoo 41:1.]

Animal Keepers' Forum, American Association of Zoo Keepers, 635 S.W. Gage Boulevard, Topeka, Kansas 66606–2066, U.S.A.

Animal Welfare, Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead, Herts. AL4 8AN, U.K.

Aquarium Sciences and Conservation, Chapman and Hall, 2–6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, U.K.

Avicultural Magazine, Avicultural Society, c/o Bristol Zoo, Bristol BS8 3HA, U.K.

Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society, 2060 North Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois 60614, U.S.A.

The Dodo, Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey, Channel Islands, U.K.

De Harpij, Stichting De Harpij, Van Aerssenlaan 49, 3039 KE Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, Subscription Department, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., 10 Industrial Avenue, Mahwah, New Jersey 07430–2262, U.S.A.

Penguin Conservation, 8060 Upper Applegate Road, Jacksonville, Oregon 97530, U.S.A.

Ratel, Association of British Wild Animal Keepers, 12 Tackley Road, Eastville, Bristol BS5 6UQ, U.K.

Zoo Federation News, Federation of Zoological Gardens of Great Britain and Ireland, Zoological Gardens, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, U.K.

Der Zoologische Garten, Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena GmbH, Villengang 2, D-07745 Jena, Germany.